A workshop organised by UNIDIR provided a platform for in-depth discussions on the often-overlooked regional threats associated with chemical and biological weapons and explored ways to address them within the framework of a Middle East Weapons of Mass Destruction Free Zone (ME WMDFZ). The following report examines the limitations associated with existing international regimes and explores the opportunities these regimes and the ME WMDFZ offer Middle Eastern states to consider in addressing and preventing proliferation in the region, enhancing regional security and promoting the realisation of the Zone.